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Fresh food for Bernese Mountain Dogs: Nutritional needs of this popular Swiss breed
- hello66889
- Apr 16
- 9 min read
The Bernese Mountain Dog—a majestic Swiss dog breed with a friendly disposition and imposing stature—has specific nutritional needs that are often underestimated. As a proud representative of Swiss heritage, this breed deserves a diet that optimally supports its health and prevents breed-specific problems. Fresh food can play a crucial role in this. In this guide, you'll learn why fresh, natural food is especially suitable for Bernese Mountain Dogs and how to provide the best nutrition for your four-legged Swiss friend.
Special nutritional needs of Bernese Mountain Dogs
Bernese Mountain Dogs differ significantly in their nutritional requirements from other breeds. These differences result from their size, activity level, genetic predisposition, and historical development.
Size and weight: Specific requirements
With an average weight of 40–50 kg for males and 35–45 kg for females, Bernese Mountain Dogs are among the larger dog breeds. This has a direct impact on their diet:
Increased calorie requirements : An adult Bernese Mountain Dog needs between 1,800 and 2,500 calories per day, depending on activity level.
Balanced protein-fat ratio : Ideally 25–28% protein and 12–16% fat in the food.
Controlled calcium intake : Especially important during growth to avoid skeletal problems.
Adjusted portion sizes : Eat several smaller meals instead of one large one to reduce the risk of gastric torsion.
Nutritional studies show that large dog breeds like the Bernese Mountain Dog have a different metabolism than smaller breeds. They require a precisely tailored diet that takes their size into account without promoting excessive growth in puppies or obesity in adult dogs.
Genetic predispositions and nutrition
Bernese Mountain Dogs have a shorter life expectancy (7–10 years) than many other breeds and are genetically predisposed to certain health problems. Optimal nutrition can help counteract these challenges:
Cancer susceptibility : Bernese people have an increased risk of various cancers, especially histiocytic sarcoma.
Joint problems : Hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia are common.
Heart disease : Dilated cardiomyopathy is known in this breed.
Gastrointestinal sensitivity : Many Bernese Mountain Dogs are sensitive to certain food ingredients.
Current research in the field of veterinary nutrition suggests that a high-quality, nutrient-rich diet with fresh ingredients can have positive effects on the health and potentially also on the life expectancy of dogs - especially in breeds with genetic predispositions to certain diseases.
Historical working breed with modern needs
Originally used as working dogs on Swiss farms, Bernese Mountain Dogs have a physique designed for strength and endurance:
Muscular physique : Requires high-quality proteins for muscle maintenance.
Dense double coat : Requires specific nutrients for healthy skin and shiny coat.
Robust immune system : Traditionally adapted to harsh alpine conditions, benefits from immune-boosting nutrients.
Moderate energy reserves : Historically optimized for consistent work performance throughout the day.
Even though modern Bernese Mountain Dogs rarely fulfill their traditional duties, they still carry this genetic heritage. A species-appropriate diet should take these historical aspects into account.
Common health problems and how fresh food can help
Bernese Mountain Dogs are known for certain health problems that can be positively influenced by proper nutrition. Fresh food offers particular benefits in this regard.
Joint health and mobility
Due to their size and genetic predisposition, many Bernese Mountain Dogs suffer from joint problems:
Fresh food offers :
Natural glucosamine and chondroitin from cartilage and connective tissue
Anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids from fresh fish and flaxseed
Easily digestible proteins that support muscle mass without putting strain on the joints
Natural antioxidants that reduce inflammation
Scientific research in the field of veterinary orthopedics shows that a diet with anti-inflammatory properties and natural, joint-supporting nutrients can improve mobility in large dog breeds. Older dogs, in particular, often show improved mobility within a few weeks of a dietary change.
Weight management
Obesity worsens joint problems and places additional strain on the cardiovascular system:
Fresh food supports weight management by :
Higher water content (70–75%), which contributes to satiety
Better nutrient density with lower calorie density
Natural, unprocessed proteins that stimulate the metabolism
Avoidance of appetizing, artificial additives
Nutritional observations show that dogs fed fresh food often have an easier time maintaining or achieving a healthy weight without losing muscle mass. This is especially important for large breeds like the Bernese Mountain Dog.
Cancer prevention and immune system
The unfortunately high cancer rate in Bernese Mountain Dogs can possibly be positively influenced by optimal nutrition:
Fresh food offers :
Natural antioxidants from fresh vegetables and fruits
Secondary plant substances with potentially anti-cancer properties
Unprocessed omega-3 fatty acids with anti-inflammatory effects
Readily available nutrients to support the immune system
Current research in veterinary oncology shows that a nutrient-rich, fresh diet can strengthen the immune system and reduce oxidative stress—both factors that play a role in cancer development. While no definitive statements can yet be made regarding cancer prevention through nutrition, the results suggest positive effects.
Digestive health
Many Bernese Mountain Dogs have a sensitive gastrointestinal tract:
Fresh food improves digestion by :
Highly digestible, natural ingredients
No artificial additives or fillers
Natural enzymes that are preserved in gently cooked meat
Prebiotic fibers from fresh vegetables
Veterinary observations show that many dogs with chronic digestive problems show significant improvements after switching to fresh food. The increased digestibility and absence of potential irritants can lead to healthier intestinal flora and better nutrient absorption.
Optimal protein sources for large breeds such as the Bernese Mountain Dog
The quality and selection of protein sources plays a crucial role in the diet of Bernese Mountain Dogs. Not all proteins are created equal, and large breeds have specific requirements.
High-quality animal proteins
Bernese Mountain Dogs require first-class protein sources to maintain their muscles and overall health:
Beef : Rich in iron, zinc and B vitamins; supports muscle development.
Pork: Well tolerated by sensitive dogs; contains essential amino acids.
Poultry : Lean protein source with high biological value.
Fish : Provides omega-3 fatty acids in addition to high-quality protein.
Insects: Complete protein with optimal amino acid composition.
Nutritional evidence shows that rotating different protein sources can be beneficial. This reduces the risk of food intolerances and ensures that the dog receives a broad spectrum of amino acids.
Protein content and quality
Not only the quantity but also the quality of the protein is crucial:
Optimal protein content : 25–28% of dry matter for adult Bernese Mountain Dogs.
Biological value : Prefer proteins with a complete amino acid profile.
Digestibility : Highly digestible proteins relieve the strain on the kidneys.
Muscle maintenance : Sufficient branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) for muscle mass.
Fresh food generally contains intact proteins with higher biological value compared to highly processed dry food, where proteins can be denatured by heat and pressure.
Balanced ratio of protein, fat and carbohydrates
For Bernese Mountain Dogs, the right nutrient ratio is particularly important:
nutrient | Optimal proportion | function |
protein | 25–28% | Muscle maintenance, immune function, coat health |
Fat | 12–16% | Energy supplier, coat shine, cell membrane integrity |
Carbohydrates | 30–40% | Source of energy, fiber for digestion |
moisture | 65–75% | Hydration, kidney health, digestive support |
Fresh food allows for precise control of these nutrient ratios and can be individually tailored to your Bernese Mountain Dog's needs.
Portion sizes and feeding schedule
Have you ever wondered how much food your Bernese Mountain Dog really needs? Proper portioning is crucial to avoid under- or overfeeding and to promote optimal health for your dog.
Age-appropriate portioning
The nutritional needs of a Bernese Mountain Dog change considerably over the course of his life:
Puppies (2–12 months)
2–4 months : 4 meals daily, totaling approximately 1,000–1,200 calories
4–6 months : 3 meals daily, totaling approximately 1,200–1,500 calories
6–12 months : 2–3 meals daily, totaling approximately 1,500–1,800 calories
Important : Promote controlled growth, as too rapid growth can cause joint problems
Adult dogs (1–7 years)
Average activity : 2 meals daily, totaling approximately 1,800–2,200 calories
High activity : 2 meals daily, totaling approximately 2,200–2,500 calories
After castration : Reduce calorie requirements by about 20%
Seniors (from 7 years)
2 meals daily , totaling approximately 1,600–2,000 calories
Maintain protein content but reduce calorie density
Supplementary nutrients for joints and cognitive function
Adaptation to activity level and season
Bernese Mountain Dogs adapt their energy consumption to activity and weather conditions:
Winter months : Calorie requirements may increase by 10–15%, especially in cold regions
Summer months : Calorie requirements often reduced by 5–10% as activity decreases in the heat
Hiking in the Alps : Temporary increase in calories by 20–30% on days of intense activity
Rest periods : Adjustment of portions during longer periods of inactivity (e.g. recovery period)
Practical feeding tips
For optimal results with fresh food:
Weigh meals instead of feeding by eye
Keep a feeding log and check weight regularly
Promote slow eating through special bowls or feeding games
Consistency in feeding routine – keep to the same times
Always keep fresh water available, especially if you are on a protein-rich diet
Nutritional research shows that despite their size, Bernese Mountain Dogs can be prone to obesity if portions are not controlled. Precise portioning is therefore just as important as the quality of the food itself.
Positive effects of fresh food on Bernese Mountain Dogs
The positive effects of fresh food on Bernese Mountain Dogs are supported by numerous observations and scientific studies.
Improved joint health and mobility
Fresh food with natural anti-inflammatory properties can support joint health. Veterinary observations show that many large dogs with joint problems show improved mobility after switching to a fresh, nutrient-rich diet. Natural glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids in fresh food can reduce inflammation and promote joint function.
Healthy weight management
Obesity is a common problem in Bernese Mountain Dogs and can exacerbate existing health problems. Fresh food with a higher water content, better nutrient density, and the absence of appetite-stimulating additives facilitates weight management. The increased satiety provided by the volume and quality of the ingredients helps maintain or achieve a healthy weight.
Stronger immune system
The natural antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals in fresh food strengthen the immune system of Bernese Mountain Dogs. This is especially important for a breed with a genetic predisposition to certain diseases. A strong immune system helps fight off infections and improve overall resistance.
Improved coat quality and skin health
The Bernese Mountain Dog's dense double coat requires specific nutrients for optimal health. Fresh food with high-quality proteins, essential fatty acids, and natural vitamins can lead to a shinier coat, reduced shedding, and improved skin health. Many owners report a significant improvement in coat quality after switching to fresh food.
Better digestion and nutrient absorption
The highly digestible ingredients in fresh food promote digestive health. The absence of artificial additives and fillers, along with the natural enzymes in gently cooked meat, support healthy gut flora and optimal nutrient absorption. This can lead to smaller, firmer stools, less gas, and overall better digestion.
Composition of fresh food for Bernese Mountain Dogs
An optimally composed fresh food for Bernese Mountain Dogs should contain the following components in balanced proportions:
Protein sources
Premium fresh meat : 55–65% high-quality muscle meat from various animals
Variations : Beef, chicken, turkey, lamb, fish – ideally offered in rotation
Benefits : Muscle maintenance, immune function, coat health, essential amino acids
Vegetables and fruit
Fiber-rich vegetables : 7–13% of different vegetables for fiber and vitamins
Examples : pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, broccoli, apples
Benefits : Digestive aid, natural vitamins, antioxidants
Carbohydrate sources
Digestible carbohydrates : 7–9% well-tolerated sources
Examples : brown rice, sweet potatoes, quinoa
Benefits : Sustainable energy supply, fiber, B vitamins
Healthy fats
High-quality oils and fats : .9–1.3% for essential fatty acids
Sources : rapeseed oil, linseed oil, fish oil, natural animal fat
Benefits : coat shine, skin health, anti-inflammatory, cell membrane integrity
Superfoods and nutritional supplements
Natural superfoods : Small amounts for targeted health benefits
Examples : Chia seeds, spirulina, brewer's yeast, algae
Benefits : Supports joints, immune system and digestion
Switching to fresh food: Practical tips
The transition to fresh food should be done gradually to give your Bernese Mountain Dog's digestive system time to adjust.
Gradual transition
A recommended timeline for the transition:
day | Fresh food | Previous feed |
1–3 | 25% | 75% |
4–6 | 50% | 50% |
7–9 | 75% | 25% |
10+ | 100% | 0% |
For particularly sensitive dogs, this process can be extended to 2-3 weeks.
Observation during the transition
During the transition phase, pay attention to:
Stool consistency : Slight changes are normal, persistent diarrhea is not
Energy level : Energy often increases after a complete change
Drinking behavior : Due to the higher water content in the food, some dogs drink less
Coat quality : First improvements can be seen after 2–3 weeks
Weight : Weekly weighing helps to adjust portion sizes
Long-term care
For optimal results with fresh food:
Carry out regular weight checks
Adjust portion sizes when activity changes or seasons change
Rotate different protein sources to ensure nutritional diversity
Maintain veterinary checks to monitor progress
Conclusion: Fresh food as optimal nutrition for Bernese Mountain Dogs
Fresh food offers numerous benefits for Bernese Mountain Dogs and can help improve their quality of life and prevent common health problems. The combination of high-quality protein, natural nutrients, and optimal digestibility makes fresh food an ideal nutritional option for this majestic Swiss breed.
Scientific evidence in the field of veterinary nutrition increasingly supports the benefits of a fresh, minimally processed diet for dogs. Especially for breeds with specific health challenges, such as the Bernese Mountain Dog, optimal nutrition can make a significant difference.
By understanding the specific needs of the Bernese Mountain Dog and adapting their diet accordingly, we make a valuable contribution to their health and quality of life. Fresh food is not just an alternative, but from a nutritional perspective, an optimal choice for this special Swiss breed.
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